1. These obligations are founded in the software engineer’

2. Refuse to participate, as members or advisors, in a private, governmental or professional body concerned with software related issues, in which they, their employers or their clients have undisclosed potential conflicts of interest.

3. Ensure adequate testing, debugging, and review of software and related documents on which they work.

4. In particular, software engineers shall, as appropriate:Temper all technical judgments by the need to support and maintain human values.

5. Because of their roles in developing software systems, software engineers have significant opportunities to do good or cause harm, to enable others to do good or cause harm, or to influence others to do good or cause harm.

6. These situations require the software engineer to use ethical judgment to act in a manner which is most consistent with the spirit of the Code of Ethics and Professional Practice, given the circumstances.

7. Moderate the interests of the software engineer, the employer, the client and the users with the public good.

8. Extend software engineering knowledge by appropriate participation in professional organizations, meetings and publications.

9. Improve their ability to create safe, reliable, and useful quality software at reasonable cost and within a reasonable time.

10. These Principles should influence software engineers to consider broadly who is affected by their work; to examine if they and their colleagues are treating other human beings with due respect; to consider how the public, if reasonably well informed, would view their decisions; to analyze how the least empowered will be affected by their decisions; and to consider whether their acts would be judged worthy of the ideal professional working as a software engineer.

1. Keep private any confidential information gained in their professional work, where such confidentiality is consistent with the public interest and consistent with the law.

2. Ensure that they are qualified for any project on which they work or propose to work by an appropriate combination of education and training, and experience.

3. Assist colleagues in being fully aware of current standard work practices including policies and procedures for protecting passwords, files and other confidential information, and security measures in general.

4. Ensure proper and achievable goals and objectives for any project on which they work or propose.

5. Credit fully the work of others and refrain from taking undue credit.

6. Work to develop software and related documents that respect the privacy of those who will be affected by that software.

7. Ensure that specifications for software on which they work have been well documented, satisfy the users’

8. Improve their knowledge of this Code, its interpretation, and its application to their work.

9. Accept no outside work detrimental to the work they perform for their primary employer.

10. Ensure realistic quantitative estimates of cost, scheduling, personnel, quality and outcomes on any project on which they work or propose to work, and provide an uncertainty assessment of these estimates.

1. In particular, software engineers shall, as appropriate:Temper all technical judgments by the need to support and maintain human values.

2. The Code helps to define those actions that are ethically improper to request of a software engineer or teams of software engineers.

3. To ensure, as much as possible, that their efforts will be used for good, software engineers must commit themselves to making software engineering a beneficial and respected profession.

4. Software engineers are those who contribute by direct participation or by teaching, to the analysis, specification, design, development, certification, maintenance and testing of software systems.

5. In accordance with that commitment, software engineers shall adhere to the following Code of Ethics and Professional Practice.

6. However, even in this generality, the Code provides support for software engineers and managers of software engineers who need to take positive action in a specific case by documenting the ethical stance of the profession.

7. In particular, software engineers shall, as appropriate:Accept full responsibility for their own work.

8. Principle 2: CLIENT AND EMPLOYERSoftware engineers shall act in a manner that is in the best interests of their client and employer, consistent with the public interest.

9. Principle 3: PRODUCTSoftware engineers shall ensure that their products and related modifications meet the highest professional standards possible.

10. In particular, software engineers shall continually endeavor to:Further their knowledge of developments in the analysis, specification, design, development, maintenance and testing of software and related documents, together with the management of the development process.

1. In particular, software engineers shall, as appropriate:Encourage colleagues to adhere to this Code.

2. Ensure that clients, employers, and supervisors know of the software engineer's commitment to this Code of ethics, and the subsequent ramifications of such commitment.

3. It is not intended that the individual parts of the Code be used in isolation to justify errors of omission or commission.

4. The Code provides an ethical foundation to which individuals within teams and the team as a whole can appeal.

5. However, even in this generality, the Code provides support for software engineers and managers of software engineers who need to take positive action in a specific case by documenting the ethical stance of the profession.

6. In accordance with that commitment, software engineers shall adhere to the following Code of Ethics and Professional Practice.

7. Avoid associations with businesses and organizations which are in conflict with this code.

8. Improve their knowledge of this Code, its interpretation, and its application to their work.

9. The Code is not simply for adjudicating the nature of questionable acts; it also has an important educational function.

10. Support, as members of a profession, other software engineers striving to follow this Code.

1. Promote no interest adverse to their employer or client, unless a higher ethical concern is being compromised; in that case, inform the employer or another appropriate authority of the ethical concern.

2. As this Code expresses the consensus of the profession on ethical issues, it is a means to educate both the public and aspiring professionals about the ethical obligations of all software engineers.

3. Principle 5: MANAGEMENTSoftware engineering managers and leaders shall subscribe to and promote an ethical approach to the management of software development and maintenance .

4. The Code provides an ethical foundation to which individuals within teams and the team as a whole can appeal.

5. Identify, define and address ethical, economic, cultural, legal and environmental issues related to work projects.

6. However, even in this generality, the Code provides support for software engineers and managers of software engineers who need to take positive action in a specific case by documenting the ethical stance of the profession.

7. Work to follow professional standards, when available, that are most appropriate for the task at hand, departing from these only when ethically or technically justified.

8. Ethical tensions can best be addressed by thoughtful consideration of fundamental principles, rather than blind reliance on detailed regulations.

9. These situations require the software engineer to use ethical judgment to act in a manner which is most consistent with the spirit of the Code of Ethics and Professional Practice, given the circumstances.

10. The Code is not a simple ethical algorithm that generates ethical decisions.